Tumbling industrial real estate values are tempting developers, manufacturers, and industrial owners to snatch up buildings at rock bottom prices. But are these bargains really the great deals they appear to be? Here are some key considerations to help prospective buyers gauge the true value of underpriced industrial properties - or to put it simply, when is a steal really a steal?
Before You Buy
Purchasing property generally requires the services of a real estate professional. Your company may retain an in-house real estate professional, or you may use a third-party broker to search for, evaluate, and complete a purchase. First, make sure your broker or in-house professional understands the intended end use of the building. As the purchaser, you must develop criteria to evaluate buildings and provide that information to your broker. End users and facility managers should weigh in on these criteria. The end users should be involved in site visits and evaluations of properties under consideration.
Similarly, your architect and engineer, in-house or out, should participate in site and building evaluation. The architect's brief space planning exercise allows you to quickly determine if sufficient square footage exists and if the building will accommodate your proposed use. Engineers should assess the building's electrical, mechanical, structural, and plumbing systems. Even if you plan to use the building for its original purpose, you need to know the condition of these systems to estimate operating and maintenance costs. And the architect and engineer should understand and compare the end user requirements to the proposed building use.
Scrutinize These Systems
Pay special attention to these building components and systems as part of the purchase evaluation:
• HVAC systems: Many industrial buildings have minimal space conditioning. Will adding new processes require more heating, cooling, and ventilation? Food, beverage, pharmaceutical, and technology processes have special cleanliness requirements. What modifications or new equipment will be needed, and is required space available?
• Structural system: Large, open bays or clear spans lend themselves to reconfigurations, but roof structures may not accommodate additional loads from new equipment. For example, a food processing company that acquired a distribution center had strict FDA requirements for heating and air conditioning. The distribution center, which had only a ventilation system, lacked a roof structure that could support heating and cooling equipment. So the company construct ed interior equipment mezzanines where new heating and cooling equipment was placed. It wasn't a difficult solution, but it incurred additional costs and had to be planned before the purchase.
• Wall systems: Industrial buildings frequently employ tilt-up construction or metal buildings with little thermal insulation. Additional insulation may be needed to meet required specifications for the proposed use. The number and placement of penetrations through building walls may be pertinent, and many buildings may have large loading docks with multiple overhead doors that may be unnecessary. Conversely, creating new openings in a wall system, particularly concrete tilt-up walls, may not be feasible or cost-effective.
• Floor systems: Industrial buildings generally have four- to six-inch-thick concrete floors. Analyze floors for structural adequacy if new equipment or changing loads are anticipated. Floor slabs may require thickening, or the building may need new equipment foundations.
• Electrical and lighting systems: New equipment or manufacturing lines could call for additional electricity if existing lighting doesn't suit the proposed use. Illumination levels may need to be adjusted, or a new lighting system may be necessary.
• Special material and hazardous substances handling: Industrial gases, fuel, hazardous chemicals, or bulk raw materials may be part of a renovated building's proposed use. They will likely require new storage, piping, or conveyance systems, and locating them can be problematic. Outdoor space, where these materials are typically stored, may be insufficient, while indoor storage may trigger stringent safety requirements.
• Truck access and loading docks: Industrial buildings usually have loading docks, but will the number and placement of truck docks be adequate or overabundant?
Timing the Transition
Schedule constraints may dictate the renovation of an industrial building. An existing building has already met planning and zoning requirements, which eat up new construction time. If long lead equipment for some manufacturing has already been ordered, it's likely impossible to construct a new facility in time.
Also consider total project cost. Initial purchase price is only one part of the decision. Building renovation costs and new capital equipment must also be factored in. Operating costs of the renovated facility are usually not included in a purchase decision, but they could sway the decision pro or con. Compare the combined project total (acquisition, renovation, equipment, operations) to the price of new construction versus renovation.
Bargain industrial property prices may be enticing, but cost alone is not enough. The building houses a process that generates profit, and it can help or hinder profit-making. The savvy owner will consider the total cost to retrofit a building for a new use - the company's business use. Companies must thoroughly assess existing building systems for new uses. Depending on the business purpose, schedule requirements may override other issues. The total project cost can help decide between new construction or renovation. Building suitability, schedule, and total cost will result in an informed, successful decision.
When Is Bargain Commercial Real Estate a Steal?
Commercial real estate at bargain prices can seem too good to be true. Here's how to tell if you're getting a steal.
All contents copyright 2024 Halcyon Business Publications, Inc.