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The Southern Spirit of Innovation

An In-Depth Look at the Southern States

Southern TechnologyIndustries
The Southern United States is a diverse region where many different technologies are researched, developed, produced, and utilized. For example, in aerospace technology there are five NASA Space and Research Centers located throughout the region: Johnson Space Center (Houston, Texas); Marshall Space Center (Huntsville, Ala.); Kennedy Space Center (Titusville, Fla.); Langley Research Center (Hampton, Va.); and Stennis Space Center (south of Picayune, Miss). In addition, there are aircraft component and final assembly plants such as Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation in Savannah, Ga.; Boeing in St. Louis, Mo.; Lockheed-Martin in Marietta, Ga.; Bell Helicopter Textron and Lockheed-Martin Aeronautics in Fort Worth, Texas; and the planned Honda Aircraft plant in Greensboro, N.C. There are also major military aircraft maintenance bases at Fort Rucker, Ala.; Tinker AFB, Okla.; Kelly AFB, Texas; and Robins AFB, Ga., along with major commercial maintenance and repair operations in Houston, Dallas, Tulsa, Memphis, Louisville, Charlotte, Atlanta, and other locations. A number of universities have aerospace-related research centers as noted in (Slideshow, Page 2, Table 1).

Similarly in automotive technology, the region is host to more than 20 existing vehicle assembly plants in addition to the recent announcements concerning the KIA plant to be located near West Point, Ga., and the Toyota plant near Blue Springs, Miss. The assembly plants have attracted a significant number of service, material, and component suppliers to the region. The passion for motor sports in the South is demonstrated by the existence of eleven NASCAR tracks that entertain fans and test new products on a weekly basis. Many of the racing crews are located near Charlotte, N.C., and in other Southern locations. In order to serve the industry, a number of universities have research centers focused on different aspects of vehicle design, safety, performance, and emerging technologies as shown in (Slideshow, Page 3, Table 2). To further support the automotive industry, the Advanced Vehicle Research Center is being constructed northeast of Rocky Mount, N.C. It will include a world-class 4.1-mile vehicle-testing track and support facilities.

The region also has a significant development and production of medical instruments and supplies; semiconductors, electronic components, and fiber optics; carbon fiber and other engineered materials; and an emerging biotechnology industry. There are also many software development service firms that support a wide variety of industries and applications.

R&D Activity
The National Science Foundation reported that university R&D expenditures within the region were nearly $13 billion in 2005 (28 percent of university R&D expenditures nationally). These expenditures are summarized by state and selected areas of research in (Slideshow, Page 4, Table 3 ). A number of the universities within the region rank among the top research institutions nationally and are engaged in a variety of technology-related research projects that include:

• • Material sciences, including nanomaterials and intelligent materials;
• • Life sciences/biotechnology, including bioinformatics, biomedical engineering, molecular medicine, medical devices, pharmacogenetics, neutraceuticals, and biosensors;
• • Electronics, including semiconductors, nano-electronics, optoelectronics, and sensors;
• • Information and computer technology, including supercomputer computations, modeling and simulation, and visualization; and
• • Marine sciences and oceanography.

Adjacent to many of the universities are research parks that host both existing companies seeking to co-locate with the university as well as emerging entrepreneurial businesses that have evolved from local research. Many of the parks also have incubators that provide low-cost space and business services to help companies get started and progress through their initial growth phase.

In 2004, industrial R&D within the region was nearly $33 billion as noted in (Slideshow, Page 5, Table 4). Examples of major collaborative research facilities in the region include:
• • Scripps Florida (Jupiter, Fla.):
  biomedical research facility
• • Oak Ridge National Laboratory (Oakridge, Tenn.):
  Department of Energy’s largest science and energy laboratory with emphasis on neutron science, biological systems, energy, advanced materials, national security, and high-performance computing
• • Jefferson Laboratory (Hampton, Va.):
  nuclear physics lab with accelerator and laser testing labs
• • SRI International (Tampa, Fla.):
  marine technology research facility

Venture Capital Investment
There has been a significant amount of venture capital invested in the region that includes technology-related ventures. Over the 2005–2006 time period, more than $6 billion was invested as noted in (Slideshow, Page 6, Figure 2). Texas had the highest venture capital investment, with over $2.5 billion; followed by North Carolina, with over $925 million; Virginia, with $850 million; Florida, with $670 million; and Georgia, with $600 million.

Access to Qualified Labor
The education infrastructure of the region includes a network of community colleges and technical schools within each state that partner with employers to provide required technical training. There are also a number of public and private universities with engineering schools, including top-ranked schools such as Georgia Tech, Texas A&M, University of Texas-Austin, Virginia Tech, Duke University, Rice University, North Carolina State University-Raleigh, University of Florida, University of Virginia, Vanderbilt University, and Washington University in St. Louis.